Physical safeguards

The four physical safeguard standards in 45 CFR 164.310 and their implementation specifications: facility access, workstation use and security, and device and media controls including disposal and re-use.

164.310(a)(1) Facility access controls

The physical standard for limiting access to information systems and the buildings that house them while letting authorized people in. Parent of four addressable specifications: contingency operations, facility security plan, access validation and maintenance records.

164.310(a)(2)(i) Contingency operations

Addressable procedures that allow facility access during an emergency to support restoring lost data under the disaster recovery plan and running the emergency mode operation plan.

164.310(b) Workstation use

The standard for policies that define the proper functions, manner of use and physical surroundings of each workstation or class of workstation that can access ePHI, including laptops and remote setups.

164.310(c) Workstation security

The standard requiring physical safeguards on every workstation that accesses ePHI so only authorized users can reach it. Where workstation use sets the rules, this standard sets the physical protections.

164.310(d)(1) Device and media controls

The standard governing how hardware and electronic media holding ePHI come into, leave and move within a facility. Parent of two required specifications (disposal, media re-use) and two addressable ones (accountability, data backup and storage).

164.310(d)(2)(i) Disposal

The required policies and procedures for the final disposition of ePHI and the hardware or media it is stored on, and the sanitization methods HHS points to.

164.310(d)(2)(ii) Media re-use

The required procedures for removing ePHI from electronic media before the media are reused, inside or outside the organization.

164.310(d)(2)(iii) Accountability

Addressable record of the movements of hardware and electronic media and the person responsible for each, the device-tracking side of asset management.

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