GitLab security hardening

Hardening a self-managed GitLab instance and its CI/CD: sign-up and visibility settings, SSH keys, outbound requests, secrets, environments and runner isolation.

GitLab sign-up and visibility restrictions

Locking down who can join and what anonymous users see: disabling self-registration, Hard email confirmation, allowed domains, Private defaults and restricting public visibility.

GitLab SSH key restrictions

Setting allowed SSH key types and minimum lengths on self-managed GitLab: ED25519 first, forbidding DSA and the RSA and ECDSA minimums FIPS mode requires.

Configuring GitLab rate limits

Turning on every GitLab rate limit setting as the hardening guide advises, why the defaults suit most instances and exempting service users from Notes and Users API limits.

Protecting secrets in GitLab CI/CD variables

Masked, hidden and protected variables, moving the most sensitive secrets to Vault or a cloud secrets manager, and using CI/CD inputs instead of pipeline variables for parameters.

GitLab Admin Mode and administrator access

Requiring re-authentication for administrative actions with Admin Mode, enforcing 2FA for administrators, custom admin roles and keeping the number of full administrators small.

GitLab push rules and deploy keys

Using push rules to reject unverified committers and secret files, replacing public deploy keys with project deploy keys and auditing keys that tie to blocked users.

Isolating GitLab runners and privileged jobs

Containing Docker-in-Docker and other privileged jobs: ephemeral VMs, protected-branch-only runners, pull policies for mixed-trust fleets and keeping the shell executor for trusted builds.

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