Which Exchange alternative fits your situation?
Exchange Server Subscription Edition or Exchange Online fits when your organization already runs Microsoft 365, relies on Purview eDiscovery for legal holds and exports, and has no appetite for operating mail servers. grommunio fits when mail must stay in your own infrastructure, your clients must keep native Outlook and ActiveSync connections, and your identity lives in LDAP or Active Directory that you want to keep. The decision turns on four questions: how dependent your users are on Outlook features, how your Active Directory is designed, which compliance tooling your auditors expect, and who will run the server after cutover. Exchange Server SE with its subscription or Software Assurance licensing still carries Windows Server and on-premises operating costs, while Exchange Online shifts those costs into a per-user Microsoft 365 license.
Start with your renewal date and your data obligations. If your organization must keep mailboxes inside its own datacenter or an air-gapped network, Exchange Online is not an option, and the choice narrows to on-premises Exchange SE or a self-hosted server such as grommunio. Ask grommunio whether its Community package, limited to 5 users without manufacturer support, is sufficient for a pilot, and confirm current Basic, Plus and Business pricing with a certified partner, since licenses are sold only through them. Confirm that your Exchange Management Shell administrators can run the exchange2grommunio.ps1 script and that a shared folder is writable by Exchange and mountable on the grommunio server. Before you choose, run a short test with the people who depend on Outlook. Check shared calendars, delegate access, out-of-office messages, public folders and any add-ins your business relies on, because those behaviors differ between Outlook, Exchange Online and a MAPI/HTTP or EWS server. Document which Exchange features your users actually use, which Purview or legal hold obligations apply to existing mail, and whether you have staff who can patch and back up a mail appliance. If the answer to the last question is no, Exchange Online or a managed partner deployment is usually the safer path, and that choice should be made with written scope and support terms in hand.
Which option fits which scenario
This table matches common Exchange situations to the option that fits best and the reason, drawn from the lifecycle, licensing, and migration facts for each path. Read it by finding the row closest to your estate, then check the reason against your own licensing, data location and client mix before deciding.
| Scenario | Better fit | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| Exchange Server 2016 or 2019 estate needing a decision after October 2025 | grommunio or Exchange Server SE, decided by budget and hosting plans | Exchange 2019 extended support ended in October 2025, so the choice is between staying on supported Exchange SE, Exchange Online, or a self-hosted replacement. grommunio keeps Outlook and mobile clients connected natively. |
| Microsoft 365 tenant with Purview eDiscovery requirements | Stay on Exchange Online until eDiscovery export is replaced | Purview exports mailbox items as PST or .msg and needs an E3 or E5 license. Confirm your retention, legal hold and export workflows with grommunio before moving, since the Purview tooling does not carry over. |
| Data residency mandate for mail and files | grommunio on infrastructure you control | Self-hosting keeps mailboxes in the location you specify. Confirm the hosting region for any Microsoft or partner service and where backups and logs are kept. |
| Small team of five or fewer users | grommunio Community package | Grommunio's pricing page lists a free Community package for up to 5 users, though without manufacturer support. Confirm whether your team needs support contracts and which features the free tier includes. |
| Larger organization needing partner support | grommunio Basic, Plus, Business or Enterprise through a certified partner | The pricing page lists paid tiers by user count and sells licenses only through certified partners. Ask for a written scope covering support hours, upgrades and the migration plan before comparing totals. |
| Site with mobile-heavy users | grommunio with grommunio-sync for ActiveSync | grommunio-sync provides Exchange ActiveSync for native iOS and Android clients. Test push mail, calendar sync and device wipe on your actual phone models before cutover. |
| Outlook desktop users who will not change clients | grommunio through MAPI/HTTP and EWS | The FAQ says existing Outlook clients keep working through MAPI/HTTP, EWS and ActiveSync. Confirm shared mailboxes, delegates and public folders in a pilot. |
Where the mail and data live under each option
Exchange Server Subscription Edition runs on Windows Server in infrastructure you control. Mailbox databases, transport logs and the Active Directory dependency all sit in your data center or cloud account, so data residency is set by where you place those servers and their backups. Exchange Server SE is tied to Active Directory for authentication and mailbox provisioning, so directory design, domain controllers and privileged accounts remain your responsibility.
- Data location: Mailbox databases and backups stay on storage you select, including any air-gapped or regional site.
- Identity: Mailboxes depend on Active Directory and the Exchange management roles assigned within it.
- Patching and hardening: Your team applies cumulative updates and maintains the Windows Server host, which affects your attack surface.
- Licensing: Server and client access licensing is a recurring cost, so confirm the current terms with Microsoft or your reseller.
- Evidence: You produce configuration exports, access reviews and change records. An independent auditor assesses whether those controls operate as described.
Before relying on this model, confirm which Exchange Server SE build your environment will run and how long your Windows Server baseline stays supported.
Exchange Online stores mailboxes in Microsoft's cloud under a Microsoft 365 tenant. You do not operate the mail servers, but the data location, retention settings and eDiscovery exports are controlled through Microsoft's service and admin portals. Identity usually runs through Microsoft Entra ID, which may be synchronized from on-premises Active Directory, so the directory dependency shifts to a cloud tenant.
- Data location: Mailbox content is held in Microsoft's data centers. Confirm the tenant's data residency options and any sovereign cloud requirements in writing.
- Identity: Authentication and conditional access are governed by the tenant, which changes how you manage privileged roles.
- Exports: Microsoft Purview eDiscovery can export mailbox items as PST or .msg files, but search export packages expire 14 days after creation and exporting requires a Microsoft 365 E3 or E5 license (Export search results in eDiscovery).
- Evidence: Microsoft publishes its own audit reports. Your team collects tenant configuration, retention and access evidence, and an independent auditor assesses it.
- Exit planning: Plan the export path before a renewal, since bulk extraction depends on the license tier and service configuration.
Ask your Microsoft account team which data residency commitments apply to your tenant and what export rights remain at exit.
grommunio ships as an appliance built on openSUSE, delivered as ISO or OVA images with a setup wizard, and it also documents manual and container installation. You install it in your own data center or cloud account, so mailbox storage, MariaDB metadata and backups are placed where your security policy requires. SQLite stores individual mailboxes, and grommunio-sync and grommunio-dav handle ActiveSync and CalDAV/CardDAV. The migration script requires grommunio to use the same LDAP or Active Directory as Exchange.
- Data location: You choose the hypervisor, storage and region, so residency follows your own infrastructure decisions.
- Identity: grommunio is compatible with LDAP and Active Directory, so existing directories can remain the source of truth.
- Operations: Your team patches the appliance, manages backups and monitors the host, or a partner does this under a written scope.
- Support: The free Community package for up to 5 users has no manufacturer support. Paid tiers are sold through certified partners (grommunio pricing).
- Evidence: Configuration baselines, backup restore tests and access reviews are your records. Auditors assess them independently.
Confirm how the appliance's update path and backup tooling fit your change process before you select a deployment method.
What the licensing and editions mean for a renewal
Start by confirming which Exchange product you are actually renewing, because the lifecycle rules differ. Microsoft made Exchange Server Subscription Edition generally available on July 1, 2025. It follows the Modern Lifecycle Policy, which has no fixed end date as long as your configuration stays current, and Microsoft plans no further year-based major versions. Exchange Server 2019 is different. Under the Fixed Lifecycle Policy, its extended support ended in October 2025, so any 2019 or 2016 servers still in service need a decision now. Exchange Online is licensed through Microsoft 365 subscriptions, so confirm with your Microsoft account team which plan, per-user terms and mailbox features apply to your tenant before the renewal date.
On the grommunio side, the core server is *Gromox*, which is licensed under AGPL-3.0. Your legal team should review what that license requires if you modify the server or offer it to third parties, and that review belongs before deployment, not after. The free Community package covers up to 5 users but comes without manufacturer support. It suits a pilot or a small team with in-house administration skills. A production mail system needs a named owner for incidents, patches and restores. Licenses for the paid tiers are sold only through certified partners, so the commercial terms, support scope and contract sit with the partner you choose.
The grommunio pricing page lists Basic at 1.99 euros and Plus at 3.99 euros per user per month, with Plus shown from 6 users. Business is listed at 5.49 euros from 50 users, and Enterprise is custom-priced from 1,000 users. The published thresholds leave some user counts where the applicable tier is unclear, so confirm with your partner which tier fits your headcount and what each tier includes for support. Ask for a written quote that names the tier, user count, term, renewal conditions and any migration or setup fees. Then compare the recurring per-user total with your current Exchange licensing and server costs over the same period.
What drives the cost of each option
Exchange and grommunio carry different cost components, and some are one-time while others recur every year. The cards below list each component, who gets paid for it, and what moves the total up or down. Use them to build a like-for-like quote before comparing totals.
Exchange licensing and Windows Server
Exchange Server SE runs on Windows Server, so the server operating system and Exchange client access licenses are both on the bill. Exchange Server SE is sold on a subscription or Software Assurance basis, which makes the cost recurring rather than a one-time purchase. Ask your Microsoft partner which licensing model applies to your user count, edition and hosting location, and whether existing Software Assurance covers the upgrade path.
grommunio subscription or Community tier
The grommunio Community package is free but covers up to 5 users without manufacturer support. Above that, licenses are sold only through certified partners, so the subscription fee is recurring and per user, and the partner margin is part of what you pay. Confirm with the partner whether support, patching guidance and upgrade assistance are included, and whether the price is quoted in euros or converted.
Hosting and infrastructure
Exchange on premises needs Windows Server hosts sized for mailbox databases, while grommunio runs as an openSUSE appliance from ISO or OVA images or as containers. Both are recurring through hardware refresh, virtualization and data center or cloud charges. grommunio can scale out across hosts, so plan for a second node early if you need redundancy. Ask for a sizing estimate tied to your mailbox count and peak concurrency.
Storage growth
Mailbox storage grows every year with retention, attachments and archive mailboxes, and it is the cost most likely to surprise you. In grommunio, individual mailboxes are stored in SQLite, so storage planning, backup size and restore time should be tested with realistic mailbox volumes. Ask how archive mailboxes are handled during migration and whether your retention policy adds storage on top of current use.
Internal staff time for operations
Patching, certificate renewal, backups, monitoring and client troubleshooting are recurring staff effort on both sides. Exchange carries server patch cycles and cumulative updates, while grommunio shifts that work to your team unless you buy a support tier. Estimate the hours per month your administrators will spend, and confirm which tasks a partner would take over under a retainer.
One-time migration effort
The exchange2grommunio script exports each mailbox to PST, imports it over SSH and logs failures so runs can resume, but the work around it is one-time and labor-heavy. That includes preparing the shared folder, confirming that grommunio uses the same LDAP or Active Directory, testing Outlook profiles and handling exceptions. Request a written scope that lists the mailbox count, pilot groups, cutover window and rollback steps before you compare quotes.
How a move from Exchange to grommunio runs
The sequence moves each Exchange mailbox into grommunio as PST data, keeps users on the same directory, and leaves a log that shows what imported and what needs another pass. Users then reconnect their existing Outlook or mobile clients at cutover.
Confirm the shared directory and user identities
The Exchange administrator and the grommunio administrator confirm that grommunio will authenticate against the same LDAP or Active Directory that Exchange uses. Each mailbox owner must map to a user object that exists on both sides, with the same primary address. Done means the directory lookup for a sample of mailboxes returns matching accounts on the grommunio server. Check the exact directory requirements in the migration documentation before you begin.
Prepare the Windows host and shared folder
An Exchange administrator prepares a Windows Server host that runs the script, with the Mailbox Import Export role assigned and a shared folder that Exchange can write to. The folder must also be mountable on the grommunio server. Done means a test file written from the Exchange side is readable from the grommunio server. Confirm the supported Windows Server version and the role assignment steps in the migration documentation.
Run the migration script from the Exchange shell
An Exchange administrator starts an elevated Exchange Management Shell on Windows Server 2012 R2 or newer and runs exchange2grommunio.ps1 with the parameters for the target server and shared folder. The script sets up the run and begins processing mailboxes. Done means the script reports that the run has started and writes its log files to the expected location. Review the parameter list in the migration documentation before the first run.
Export each mailbox to PST
For each mailbox, the script creates an export request with New-MailboxExportRequest, which writes a PST file to the shared folder. The Exchange administrator watches request status to confirm each export completes. Done means each mailbox shows a completed export request, and failed requests appear in the log with their mailbox names. Exported PST files hold the mail, calendar and contact items that the next step imports.
Import each PST over SSH
The script connects to the grommunio server over SSH and pipes each PST through gromox-pff2mt into gromox-mt2exm, which writes the content into the matching grommunio mailbox. The grommunio administrator can watch the import on the server. Done means each mailbox import appears as successful in the log, and a spot check of a few mailboxes shows the expected folders and items in the grommunio web or Outlook client.
Use the logs to resume failed runs
The script logs successes and failures for each mailbox, so the team can rerun only the mailboxes that did not finish instead of starting the whole batch again. The administrator reviews the failure entries, fixes the cause (for example, a missing user or a full disk), and reruns the script for those accounts. Done means the log lists no open failures, or each remaining failure has a documented reason and a plan.
Cut over and reconnect Outlook and mobile clients
The team agrees a cutover window with mail owners, stops new delivery to Exchange, runs a final delta pass where needed, and points DNS and client profiles to grommunio. Outlook users reconnect through the supported MAPI/HTTP, EWS or ActiveSync paths, and mobile users reset their account settings. Done means test users can send, receive and open shared calendars on the grommunio server. Confirm what each client version shows after reconnection in a pilot group first.
Questions buyers ask before choosing grommunio
How much does switching from Exchange to grommunio cost?
The cost depends on which parts you already pay for and how many users you move, so no single figure applies to every organization. Software is the visible line item: the free Community package is limited to 5 users without manufacturer support, while paid licenses are sold only through certified partners, with grommunio's pricing page listing Basic at 1.99 euros and Plus at 3.99 euros per user per month from 6 users, Business at 5.49 euros from 50 users, and custom Enterprise pricing from 1,000 users. Other costs include server hardware or virtual machines, storage for mailboxes, backup, the migration project itself and internal staff time. Exchange costs that fall away or change include licensing for servers and client access. Ask any partner for a written quote that separates one-time migration work from recurring licenses, support and infrastructure.
How long does an Exchange to grommunio migration take?
Duration depends mainly on mailbox count, total mailbox size, the number of sites and how many cutover waves you plan. The exchange2grommunio script exports each mailbox to PST and imports it over SSH, and it logs successes and failures so a run can resume after an error, which shortens recovery from failed batches. Preparation work also takes time: confirming that grommunio uses the same LDAP or Active Directory as Exchange, building the shared folder, testing a pilot group and agreeing on how Outlook profiles are reconfigured. Ask for a timeline in the written scope that lists each wave, the test cycle and the rollback point, and confirm the mailbox count and sizes before you accept it.
Can our internal team run grommunio without a partner?
A capable Linux or systems team can operate grommunio after it is installed, because the server is documented for administrators and ships as an appliance on openSUSE with ISO or OVA images and a setup wizard. The harder part is the first deployment and the migration, which touch Exchange administration, Active Directory, PST export, mail routing, DNS, certificates and client configuration at the same time. Consider whether your team has these skills in-house, whether it can absorb the work alongside daily duties, and who handles upgrades and security patches afterward. Note that paid grommunio subscriptions are sold through certified partners, so partner support may also be a licensing question. A fixed-scope engagement with a named handover is one way to close the gap.
What does the migration need from our identity team?
The identity team is central because the migration script requires grommunio to use the same LDAP or Active Directory as Exchange. Before any export, they need to confirm that user objects, group membership, mail attributes and naming match what grommunio will read, and that service accounts for the migration have the rights they need. They also decide how password changes, account disablement and group-based access will behave after cutover. Plan for a controlled window in which directory changes are frozen, and confirm the exact directory requirements in the grommunio migration documentation before scoping the work.
Will Outlook keep working after the switch to grommunio?
Outlook can keep working because grommunio's Gromox server implements RPC/HTTP (Outlook Anywhere), MAPI/HTTP and Exchange Web Services, and grommunio states that organizations can keep their existing Outlook clients. Mobile devices connect through grommunio-sync, which provides Exchange ActiveSync for native iOS and Android clients. In practice, you still need to test your Outlook versions, add-ins, autodiscover records, certificates and any third-party software that calls Exchange APIs. Build a pilot group of representative users and confirm each feature they rely on before moving the wider organization.
How are shared calendars and delegates handled after migration?
Shared calendars, delegate access and resource mailboxes are the features most likely to need manual checks, and their behavior should be confirmed in testing rather than assumed. The PST export carries mailbox contents, but permission models, calendar sharing and delegate rights are the areas where Outlook users notice differences first. Your pilot should cover a shared mailbox, a delegate who sends on behalf of another user, a meeting room booked from several clients and a calendar shared across departments. Record what works, what needs reconfiguration and who must re-share items after cutover, and include those steps in the written scope.
What does the free grommunio Community package leave out?
The free Community package covers up to 5 users and comes without manufacturer support, according to grommunio's pricing page. It is suited to evaluation, labs or very small teams that accept self-service troubleshooting. It does not provide the paid support, the commercial licensing that comes with Basic, Plus, Business or Enterprise plans, or the scale your organization may need. Larger deployments also depend on the paid tiers, which are sold through certified partners. Before relying on Community for production, confirm the feature set, update path and support terms directly with grommunio.
What should we confirm in writing before choosing a partner?
Ask for a written scope that names the mailbox count and total size, the directory integration plan, the client and device list, the pilot and cutover waves, the backup and rollback approach, and the handover to your team. DeployOpen plans, implements, integrates, hardens, backs up, upgrades, documents and supports self-hosted open-source platforms inside your own infrastructure, and most engagements are fixed-scope with deliverables and timelines agreed in writing before work starts. Ongoing support and upgrades are available as retainers. DeployOpen does not publish a price list, so a quote follows from that written scope.
Risks to test before committing
Exchange features that users rely on daily are often the ones that break in a migration. The cards below cover behaviors to confirm in a pilot before any mailbox moves, from delegate access and shared calendars to compliance exports and large PST files.
Shared mailboxes and delegate access
Shared mailboxes, Send As and Send on Behalf rights, and calendar delegates are often configured through Exchange permissions that do not map one to one onto another server. Confirm which of these grommunio supports through its MAPI/HTTP and EWS layers and how Outlook displays them after the PST import. In the pilot, create a shared mailbox and a delegate with send rights, then send and book from both Outlook and a mobile client to check what each user sees.
Public folders
Public folders are a separate Exchange feature that PST export does not always carry over with the same structure, permissions and folder history. Ask grommunio to confirm how public folder content and permissions are handled in the exchange2grommunio workflow, and whether any folders must be moved by hand. In the pilot, export one public folder with its permissions and compare item counts and owner rights on the target before deciding on a plan.
Compliance and eDiscovery exports
Legal holds and eDiscovery searches in Microsoft Purview produce exports in PST or .msg format and depend on Microsoft 365 licensing and retention settings that do not move with the mailboxes. Confirm with your legal and compliance teams which holds must survive cutover, where the evidence will be stored, and how retention will be enforced on grommunio. In the pilot, place a test hold, run an export, and confirm the item counts and metadata match the source.
Archive mailboxes
Exchange archive mailboxes hold older items in a separate store that users reach from the same Outlook profile, and Exchange exports treat them as distinct sources. Confirm whether the migration script exports and imports the archive as its own mailbox and how users will reach it after cutover. In the pilot, move one user with a primary and archive mailbox, then check that items from both stores appear in the expected folders and that search returns both.
Mobile policy parity
Exchange ActiveSync policies such as device passcodes, remote wipe and app restrictions are enforced by the server and may not carry over one to one. Grommunio-sync provides ActiveSync for iOS and Android, so confirm which policy settings it enforces and which must be reconfigured or handled through mobile device management. In the pilot, enroll one iOS and one Android device, apply your standard policy, then test a remote wipe and a passcode requirement against the documented behavior.
Large mailbox PST handling
The migration path exports each mailbox to PST and imports it over SSH, so very large mailboxes depend on export time, network throughput, disk space on the shared folder and the grommunio host. Confirm the largest mailbox size you need to move, the free space required on both sides, and how the script logs failures so runs can resume. In the pilot, time the export and import of your largest mailbox and record any failed items before scheduling production waves.
How DeployOpen helps you evaluate and migrate
DeployOpen plans, implements, integrates, hardens, backs up and documents self-hosted open-source platforms inside your own infrastructure, including cloud accounts, data centers and air-gapped networks. For Microsoft Exchange vs grommunio, we start with a written scope that tests your client, directory and compliance requirements before any mailbox moves.
How we scope
- Inventory Exchange versions, mailbox counts, archives, shared mailboxes and delegate permissions in the written scope.
- Confirm that grommunio will use the same LDAP or Active Directory that Exchange uses today.
- Agree in writing which Outlook, iOS and Android clients must work natively, and which ones are out of scope.
How we build
- Plan and install grommunio in your environment, using the appliance, manual or container method your team prefers.
- Configure MAPI/HTTP, EWS and ActiveSync access and test them with each client version in the inventory.
- Prepare the exchange2grommunio export and import runs, including the shared folder and SSH access they need.
How we hand over
- Document the installation, directory integration, client configuration and the migration run log for your team.
- Test a pilot group of mailboxes end to end, including calendars, delegates and shared folders, before cutover.
- Deliver backup, hardening and upgrade procedures so your staff can operate the platform after handover.
How we support
- Ongoing support, upgrades and continuous testing are available as a retainer after handover.
- Ask your Gromox release plan and grommunio subscription options to be confirmed against your written scope.
- Engagements are fixed-scope, so changes to mailbox counts or client support are agreed in writing first.

